Supplementary material from "Regulatory mechanisms underlying the specification of the pupal-homologous stage in a hemimetabolous insect"
Posted on 2019-07-08 - 08:49
Juvenile hormones and the genetic interaction between the transcription factors Krüppel homologue 1 (Kr-h1) and Broad (Br) regulate the transformation of insects from immature to adult forms in both types of metamorphosis (holometaboly with a pupal stage versus hemimetaboly with no pupal stage); however, knowledge about the exact instar in which this occurs is limited. Using the hemimetabolous cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Gb), we demonstrate that a genetic interaction occurs among Gb′Kr-h1, Gb′Br and the adult-specifier transcription factor Gb′E93 from the sixth to final (eighth) nymphal instar. Gb′Kr-h1 and Gb′Br mRNAs were strongly expressed in the abdominal tissues of sixth instar nymphs, with precocious adult moults being induced by Gb′Kr-h1 or Gb′Br knockdown in the sixth instar. The depletion of Gb′Kr-h1 or Gb′Br upregulates Gb′E93 in the sixth instar. By contrast, Gb′E93 knockdown at the sixth instar prevents nymphs transitioning to adults, instead producing supernumerary nymphs. Gb′E93 also represses Gb′Kr-h1 and Gb′Br expression in the penultimate nymphal instar, demonstrating its important role in adult differentiation. Our results suggest that the regulatory mechanisms underlying the pupal transition in holometabolous insects are evolutionarily conserved in hemimetabolous G. bimaculatus, with the penultimate and final nymphal periods being equivalent to the pupal stage.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of complete metamorphosis’.
CITE THIS COLLECTION
DataCiteDataCite
3 Biotech3 Biotech
3D Printing in Medicine3D Printing in Medicine
3D Research3D Research
3D-Printed Materials and Systems3D-Printed Materials and Systems
4OR4OR
AAPG BulletinAAPG Bulletin
AAPS OpenAAPS Open
AAPS PharmSciTechAAPS PharmSciTech
Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität HamburgAbhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg
ABI Technik (German)ABI Technik (German)
Academic MedicineAcademic Medicine
Academic PediatricsAcademic Pediatrics
Academic PsychiatryAcademic Psychiatry
Academic QuestionsAcademic Questions
Academy of Management DiscoveriesAcademy of Management Discoveries
Academy of Management JournalAcademy of Management Journal
Academy of Management Learning and EducationAcademy of Management Learning and Education
Academy of Management PerspectivesAcademy of Management Perspectives
Academy of Management ProceedingsAcademy of Management Proceedings
Academy of Management ReviewAcademy of Management Review
Ishimaru, Yoshiyasu; Tomonari, Sayuri; Watanabe, Takahito; Noji, Sumihare; Mito, Taro (2019). Supplementary material from "Regulatory mechanisms underlying the specification of the pupal-homologous stage in a hemimetabolous insect". The Royal Society. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4567955.v1