Supplementary material from "Fingers zipped up or baby mittens? Two main tetrapod strategies to return to the sea"
Posted on 2020-08-04 - 01:53
The application of network methodology in anatomical structures offers new insights on the connectivity pattern of skull bones, skeletal elements and their muscles. Anatomical networks helped to improve our understanding of the water-to-land transition and how the pectoral fins were transformed into limbs via their modular disintegration. Here, we apply the same methodology to tetrapods secondarily adapted to the marine environment. We find that these animals achieved their return to the sea with four types of morphological changes, which can be grouped into two different main strategies. In all marine mammals and the majority of the reptiles, the fin is formed by the persistence of superficial and interdigital connective tissues, like a ‘baby mitten', whereas the underlying connectivity pattern of the bones does not influence the formation of the forefin. On the contrary, ichthyosaurs ‘zipped up' their fingers and transformed their digits into carpal-like elements, forming a homogeneous and better-integrated forefin. These strategies led these vertebrates into three different macroevolutionary paths exploring the possible spectrum of morphological adaptations.
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Fernández, Marta S.; Vlachos, Evangelos; Buono, Mónica R.; Alzugaray, Lucia; Campos, Lisandro; Sterli, Juliana; et al. (2020). Supplementary material from "Fingers zipped up or baby mittens? Two main tetrapod strategies to return to the sea". The Royal Society. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5081285.v1
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AUTHORS (8)
MF
Marta S. Fernández
EV
Evangelos Vlachos
MB
Mónica R. Buono
LA
Lucia Alzugaray
LC
Lisandro Campos
JS
Juliana Sterli
YH
Yanina Herrera
FP
Florencia Paolucci