Supplementary Table 1. Number of insulin receptors in some insect species from Insulin receptors and wing dimorphism in rice planthoppers Hai-Jun Xu Chuan-Xi Zhang 10.6084/m9.figshare.4212825.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Supplementary_Table_1_Number_of_insulin_receptors_in_some_insect_species_from_Insulin_receptors_and_wing_dimorphism_in_rice_planthoppers/4212825 Wing polymorphism contributes significantly to the success of a wide variety of insects. However, its underlying molecular mechanism is less well understood. The migratory brown planthopper (BPH), <i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>, is one of extensively studied examples of wing polymorphism in insects, a typical feature showing short- and long-winged morphs. Using the BPH as an example, we first surveyed the environmental cues that possibly influence wing developmental plasticity. Second, we explained the molecular basis by which two insulin receptors (InR1 and InR2) act as a <i>switch</i> to determine alternative wing morphs in the BPH. This finding provides an additional layer of regulatory mechanism underlying wing polymorphism in insects in addition to juvenile hormones. Further, based on a discrete domain structure between InR1 and InR2 across insect species, we discussed the potential roles by which they might contribute to insect polymorphism. Last, we concluded with future directions of disentangling the insulin signalling pathway in the BPH, which serves as an ideal model for studying wing developmental plasticity in insects.This article is part of the themed issue "Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological diversity". 2016-11-07 14:19:07 wing polymorphism insulin receptors phenotypic plasticity planthoppers